Marshall Sahlins have described reciprocity collectively a spectrum from the distinguishing its around three sizes
On one to high, the guy set ‘generalized reciprocity’ while the a robust sign of solidarity. Speaking of transactions determined from the altruism, commonly permanent and have now referred to as ‘hospitality’, ‘help’ or ‘generosity’. Sahlins’ next method of are ‘well-balanced reciprocity’ recognized as a primary change that is constantly shorter personal and monetary, with kind of harmony between builders. At other end of the spectrum is actually ‘bad reciprocity’, and this requires obtaining something getting absolutely nothing with no ramifications (Sahlins 2017 , 174–78). Regarding vocabulary from business economics, it involves maximising profits and minimising can cost you. Throughout the extreme situations, this new import regarding items of A toward B – from individual, class otherwise community to some other – try followed closely by zero stop-import. Sahlins’ excellent times are several strategies anywhere between negotiate to help you haggling, gambling and you may theft. Within approach, looting would be a sign of ‘bad reciprocity’ – a kind of change that is non-societal, impersonal and you can mainly built with the money.
What this means is a picture of personal fairness considering harmony and you may symmetry, in which every dating shall be discussed and you may realized as the different replace (Graeber 2012 , 128)
The exact opposite poles of model was defined into the moral words once the negative and positive reciprocity. (más…)